4月12日，中国日报美国版刊发我院副院长朱宁教授的专栏文章。朱宁教授认为，为进一步融入全球化金融体系，中国需要做出三点转变：利率市场化改革，加强市场透明度和信息披露以及进一步扩大对外开放，唯有如此，中国才能真正成为被世界所信任和尊敬的超级大国。
Making the right transition
Financial sector reforms key to China's growth in global financial arena
China has been dedicated to switching its economic growth model in the past few years and will continue such an effort in the coming decades. With softening international demand, increasing labor costs and intense competition from neighboring countries with even cheaper labor, the government has rolled out many policies aimed at transforming China's economic growth model so that the economy relies less on foreign demand through exports and more on domestic consumption.
While Chinese companies are paying increasing attention to domestic consumers, they have also become increasingly international. With their existing penetration in the product market, more Chinese companies are now engaging in investment and acquisition projects intended to give Chinese manufacturers greater advantage in international markets.
Chinese financial institutions, such as commercial and investment banks, have become more visible in such deals. There has been considerable global approval for the overseas expansion plans of Chinese financial institutions, and the general opinion is that the Chinese economy is undertaking the desired transition from a manufacturing to services industry. Such moves have helped Chinese companies gain an edge in overseas projects and also provide a viable financing option in the global market.
At the same time, some foreign governments have become concerned about China's rising financial clout, even as they continue to be concerned over the nation's manufacturing might. Chinese financial institutions are now facing the same global expansion problems that manufacturing companies faced some years back.
Some of the common questions include: To what extent are the Chinese sovereign wealth fund and policy banks purely commercial and to what extent are their business transactions politically motivated? Do Chinese financial institutions receive unfair subsidies when investing overseas? Can foreign companies and financial institutions gain equal and fair access to the Chinese domestic market?
These questions have become particularly sensitive given that some foreign companies and financial institutions have not managed to make significant headway in the Chinese domestic market.
So how can China increase its global economic and financial influence without causing worries and concerns in other countries? The answers can be broadly summed up in three points.
First, further reform of the domestic financial sector. Part of the policymakers' worry about opening up the domestic financial market stems from the lessons learnt during the 1997-98 financial crisis in Southeast Asia.
The government is also reluctant to open up the market further as it wants the domestic financial market to be more mature and stable. But without an open financial market, questions inevitably arise about whether Chinese banks and financial institutions are starting on an equal footing with their international competitors.
To better integrate into the global financial system, China has to complete at least two critical reforms in the financial sector. The first and foremost is the market-determined interest rate. The market-determined baseline treasury rate and the corresponding interest rate for corporate and municipal bonds will help Chinese manufacturers and financial institutions access the global financial market and the domestic market when capital flow controls are eventually lifted.
A more balanced mix between public and private sector financing will surely help foreigners better appreciate the intention of Chinese financial institutions' overseas transactions.
Increasing transparency and information disclosure is another step that needs to be taken by China.
Finally, the eventual opening up of the domestic financial markets to international investors and foreign financial institutions will not only alleviate foreigners' concerns with China's financial power, but also transform Chinese financial institutions into truly market-oriented and players in the international market. Only then will China truly become a financial superpower, a superpower that is trusted and respected by the entire world.
发布时间：2013-04-15
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